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Air Conditioning – How it works

Central air conditioners are split systems, these consist of an outdoor unit (the condensing unit) and an indoor unit (air handler). The function of an air conditioner is to transport heat from one area to another to another.

Air conditioners use chemicals that convert easily from a gas state to a liquid state and back again.
The chemical, which is called the “refrigerant”, is commonly referred to as Freon and it is this that actually transports the heat from the air inside of a home, office, server or computer room to the outside air thus cooling and dehumidifying the air inside.

The air conditioner has three main parts. They are a compressor, a condenser and an evaporator. The compressor and condenser are usually located on the outside of the building. The evaporator is located on the inside the building and sometimes as part of the heating system.

Air conditioning Process:

The working fluid (refrigerant) arrives at the compressor as a cool, low-pressure gas. The compressor squeezes the fluid and as a result of this compression it increases the temperature of the refrigerant.

The working fluid actually leaves the compressor as a gas that is hot and under pressure. This then goes to the condenser. The condenser situated outside the building and typically recognised by its distinctive fins then allows the heat to dissipate in the outside air. The design of the fins acts as a catalyst in the heat dissipation.

When the working fluid leaves the condenser, its temperature is much cooler and it has changed from a gas to a liquid under high pressure. The liquid goes into the evaporator through a very tiny hole into an expansion chamber. On the other side, the liquid's pressure drops. When it does it begins to evaporate into a gas.

The effective part of the process in air conditioning the defined area occurs as the liquid changes to gas and evaporates.
This cold gas runs through a set of coils that allow the gas to absorb heat and cool down the air inside the building.

By the time the working fluid leaves the evaporator, it is a cool, low-pressure gas. It then returns to the compressor to begin its trip all over again.

This cycle continues repeatedly until the room reaches the desired temperature you want the room cooled to. The thermostat senses that the temperature has reached the right setting and turns off the air conditioner. As the temperature subsequently begins to warm up again, the thermostat turns the air conditioner back on again until once again the room reaches the desired temperature.

Besides the fact that the hot and cold sides are split apart and the capacity is higher (making the coils and compressor larger), there is no difference between a split-system and a window air conditioner.

In warehouses, businesses, shopping centres and large department stores the condensing unit normally lives on the roof and can be one single enormous condenser or alternatively, there may be many smaller units on the roof each dedicated to specific zone within the building.

Carrier Rentalxpress operate nationally, with a significant and varied client base in London and within the M25.
We supply portable or fixed air conditioners and cooling systems for small offices to warehouses. For an emergency response with equipment best suited to your specific environment which can be applied quickly, effectively and cool your environment and business critical systems such as server rooms, computer rooms and communications centres contact us on 0870 750 144 visit Climate Control Protection
We have equipment supplied either on a short or long term basis with cover available 365 day 24 hours service.